Anhedral:

compensates for the wing sweep improves roll maneuverability

A wing design feature where the angle of incidence of the wing decreases from the root to the tip.

This makes it so that the wing as a tendency to stall at the root first, maintaining aileron control for a longer time and providing a resistence to spinning, facilitating recovery.

The distance from the datum to the point at which the weight of a component acts.

An ILS (Instrument Landing System) is defined as a precision runway approach aid based on two radio beams which together provide pilots with both vertical and horizontal guidance during an approach to land.

The ILS aerials transmit two lobes. For a pilot on final, the lobe to his right is modulated at a frequency of 150 Hz and the one to his left at 90 Hz. The point where the lobes meet is the centre line of the runway. As the signals on the lobe move from the centre line to either side, their amplitude increases. This means the magnitude of their depth modulation increases. The depth modulation can be considered as a percentage. For example, if an aircraft receives a 15% depth modulated signal from the left and a 5% depth modulated signal from the right, the difference of modulation becomes 10% to the left. This electrical imbalance is sent to the aircraft and the localizer needle is designed in such a way that it will show a deflection to the opposite direction, telling the pilot to go to the right.

When on the centre line, the modulation difference is zero and the needle centres itself.

The glide slope or the glide path provides the pilot with vertical guidance. The glide slope is set such that a glide slope angle of 3 degrees is maintained by the pilot. The needle of the slope moves up, if the aircraft is too low and moves down if it is too much above the required path. The glide slope is on the UHF band (329.15 - 335 Mhz).

The glide slope operates the same way as the localizer. The only difference is that the lobes are emitted on the vertical plane. The upper lobe is modulated at 90 Hz while the bottom one at 150 Hz. Exactly the same way as before, the needle of the slope moves based on the difference in depth modulation. As like before when the modulation difference is nil, the glide needle moves to the very centre of the instrument.

A precision approach uses both lateral (from left to right) and vertical guidance. A non-precision approach only uses lateral guidance.

To be the most efficient, aircraft descend at Vmd. Vmd increases with Weight, and therefore the rate of descent increases as well with weight.

By using the formula: Range (nm) = 1.23(√H1 + √H2)

H1=height of transmitter (feet)

H2=height of receiver (feet)

a line extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge equidistent from the upper and lower surface of the aerofoil.

The point during a flight at which an aircraft is no longer capable of returning to the airfield from which it took off due to fuel considerations.

Beyond this point the aircraft must proceed to some other destination.

Stall warning, stick shaker, stick pusher, etc...

Generically we can destinguish between systems that alert the pilot of the impeding stall, like stall the stall warning or stick shaker, and systems that try to correct the situation, like a stick pusher.