The distance from the datum to the point at which the weight of a component acts.

None. The go around procedure is distinct from the take off procedure. You will still have an acceleration altitude, but you will not have a screen height, V1, Vr, V2, flap retraction altitude, etc.

Yes, for safety you will need a V2 speed.

Average range over land 20 - 25 miles.

Range for an NDB can be calculated with:

2√power output in Watts = Range (Land) 3√ power output in Watts = Range (Water)

Depends on the engine.

In the case of the 737-800 CFM56, 27,300lbs total thrust at a ratio of 5.5:1

No. Carburetor heat uses exhaust air to heat air going into the carburetor. No electrics are involved.

To monitor the flight management and aircraft control actions of the Pilot Flying and carry out support duties such as communications and check-list reading.

The Dry Operating Mass (DOM) is the Basic Empty Mass and the Variable Load, also called the Aircraft Prepared for Service (APS) weight.

The speed is too low for an indication.

Reduced Vertical Separation Minima (RVSM) is the reduction, from 2,000 feet to 1,000 feet, of the standard vertical separation required between aircraft flying between flight level 290 (29,000 ft) and flight level 410 (41,000 ft).