Drag is the component of the total aerodynamic force parallel to the relative airflow.

Drag is generated by any body placed in a flow and it's composed of friction, form, and pressure drag.

Decreasing speed, by reducing engine power or pitching up.

Meridians converge from their maximum distance apart (at the equator) to the poles where they meet.

Great circles are the shortest distance between two points and convergency represents the change in direction experienced between those points.

1st segment starts at screen height and finishes at gear retracted.

2nd segment starts when the gear is retracted and finishes when acceleration alt is reached (min. 400ft max 1000ft) speed V2.

3rd segment starts at acceleration alt, minimum 400ft, and finishes when the flaps are retracted.

4th segment starts when the flaps are retracted, MCT is set and finishes at the 1500ft.

Asymmetric Committal Altitude/Height is the minimum height needed to establish a positive climb whilst maintaining adequate speed for control and removal of drag during an approach to a landing.

In the Seneca at Oxford we used 200ft AGL. At this altitude when continuing for landing you selected the landing flaps (check clear runway, on speed, on altitude, landing clearance received).

You now are committed to land, single engine G/A with flaps 40 and gear down is not possible in a Seneca.

In Newfoundland. With cold weather density increases, therefore you would pick up a higher mass in Newfoundland.

Anhedral:

compensates for the wing sweep improves roll maneuverability

Due to the structural damage that may occur in thunderstorms, due to hail, severe turbulence and severe windshear.

Besides that, lightning strikes may cause damage to electrical systems and severe icing may occur.

A Mach trimmer is a system that artificially corrects for Mach tuck.

Transmitting uses more power.